What does an executor actually do?

• Arrange the funeral and deal with the immediate practical matters.
• Secure the property and find the will and paperwork.
• Value the estate: property, savings, investments, debts and bills.
• Apply for the grant of probate, where one is needed.
• Report and pay any Inheritance Tax. This is normally due six months after the end of the month of death, and usually has to be paid before probate.
• Pay debts, collect the assets and pay out the gifts in the will.
• Keep proper accounts.

Beneficiaries cannot normally press for payment in the first year, often called the executor’s year. Simple estates can be dealt with sooner. Property sales and tax can make it longer. See our guide on probate and how long it takes.

Executors can be personally liable for mistakes, for example paying out the gifts before debts and tax are settled. They can hire a professional to help, and the cost normally comes out of the estate. Reasonable expenses can be repaid from the estate.

Choose people who are reliable, organised and over 18. Naming at least two is sensible. An executor can also be a beneficiary. A professional can act if you have no one suitable. Up to four people can take out a grant. Someone named as executor can decline the role if they have not started acting.